Inhibitory Effect of Ethanolic Extract of Psidium guajava Leaves in Rat Active Cutaneus Anaphylaxis Reaction

Abstract

Psidium guajava is a plant that grows widely in some areas of Indonesia which have been proven as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory. The aims of this study was to evaluate the effects of ethanolic extract of Psidium guajava (EEPG) leaves on active cutaneous anaphylaxis reaction induced by ovalbumin. This study used wistar male rats were divided into 5 groups (n = 5). Each group was induced by ovalbumin (OVA) and Al(OH) on the days of 0 and 7, and finally were challenged by ovalbumin on the day of 14 to induce active cutaneous anaphylaxis reaction. Cromolyn sodium was used as standard drug. EEPG with dose of 250mg/kgBW, 500mg/kgBW, and 750mg/kgBW were given orally at day 14. In order to determine the mast cells on the inflammation tissues, the specimens were stained with Toluidine blue. The results showed that EEPG leaves at the doses of 250, 500 and 750 mg/kg BW could inhibit the pigmentation area of vascular permeability on rats skin, signicantly with controll group (p 0,05), but still lower than cromolyn sodium. Histopathologically, EEPG leaves had inhibitory effect on mast cell degranulation process. It indicated that the EEPG leaves had inhibitory effect on active cutaneous anaphylaxis reaction.