Nano-encapsulated Form of Citrus medica for Osteoporosis Treatment in Animal Model

Abstract

Although Rosiglitazone (R) is recommended for diabetes therapy, however, it increases the incidence of osteoporosis. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the efficiency of Citrus medica leaves extract nanoparticles (CM-NPs) against osteoporosis prompted by Rosiglitazone (R). In addition, pharmaceutical impacts of R with CM-NPs in treating diabetic-induced male rats were premeditated. Swiss albino rats (n= 60) were equally allocated in six groups including control (C), diabetes mellitus (DM), DM+R, DM+R+CM50-NPs, DM+R+CM75-NPs and DM+R+CM100-NPs. Serum glucose, receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL), osteoprotegerin (OPG) and β2-microglobulin concentrations were appraised. Bone mineral density (BMD) of each right femur was restrained. The results revealed that administration of R to DM-rats induced significant diminution in serum OPG level and increase in serum RANKL and β2-microglobulin levels which were improved in DM-R-CM-NPs rats. A significant decline in total BMD was found in DM+R treated rats which was repressed in DM+R-CM-NP rats. DM-rats treated with R showed significantly low gene expression of OC, COL genes and higher level of ACP5 mRNA compared to control rats. However, the expression values due to R treatment were amended by CM-NPs administration. In addition, DM-rats treated with R showed significantly high incidence of MnPCEs and 8-OHdG/2-dG ratio which were inhibited by the administration of CM-NPs. Conclusion: The combination therapy of R and Citrus medica nanoparticles (CM-NPs) reduced the risk of osteoporosis in animal model.