Evaluation of Protective Action of Sesame Seed Oil on Chlorpromazine-associated Extrapyramidal Side Effects in Experimental Animals

Abstract

Sesame plant (Sesamum indicum Lin.) belonging to family Pedaliaceae. Sesame seed oil also known as queen of oil which contains number of phytochemicals like thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, pyridoxine, folic acid, vitamin B12, ascorbic acid, stearic acid, linoleic acid, palmitic acid and various lignance like sesamolin, pinoresinol, sesamin, sesamol, tocopherols which are potent antioxidants. They have neuroprotective action hence, sesame seed oil (SSO) was used in the present study to investigate its protective action on chlorpromazine (CPZ) associated extrapyramidal side effects (EPSE) in the animal model. The study was designed by giving CPZ (3 mg/kg ip) for 21 days to induce EPSE in animals. CPZ significantly induces EPSE (Catalepsy, muscular rigidity and hypolocomotion) in 21 days. The effect of SSO on CPZ induced EPSE in rat was evaluated using doses 200 and 400 mg/kg PO. Syndopa (10 mg/kg) was used as standard drug. During 21 days of study animals behavioral parameters were evaluated after each 7 days of interval by block test (catalepsy), rotarod test (muscular rigidity) and actophotometre (locomotors activity). Animals showed significantly reduced catalepsy score, increased fall of time and increased locomotor activity in dose dependant manner. Biochemical estimation of dopamine (DA) and antioxidant parameters were also evaluated. SSO-treated animal groups showed significant increase in level of DA, Catalase and reduced glutathione preferably at higher dose. Thus present study validates that SSO has an antioxidant and protective effect on CPZ-associated EPSE. Further research is required to elucidate its specific mechanism of action and isolation of responsible active principles.