ASSESSMENT AND CORRELATION OF SALIVARY AND SERUM UREA AND CREATININE LEVEL IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE, DIABETES AND HYPERTENSION

Abstract

The biomarkers like creatinine and urea are most commonly useful for assessment of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) as well as susceptible diabetic and hypertensive patients. Blood collection is the invasive procedure, causing nervousness and distress to the patients whereas saliva collection is a noninvasive, simplest and cost effective procedure. Therefore, the main aim of the study was to assess and correlate salivary and serum urea and creatinine levels in CKD, diabetics and hypertensive patients and control group. This study consisted of total 60 patients involving 20 CKD, 20 diabetics, 20 hypertensive patients and 20 healthy controls. Ethical approval was taken from the institutional Human Research Ethics Committee. Saliva and blood samples were collected by standard procedure, then urea and creatinine levels were measured on automated biochemistry analyzer. Correlation between serum and salivary creatinine and urea was obtained in controls and patients using Pearson correlation coefficient in SPSS (version 15). Serum and salivary creatinine and urea levels were significantly higher in CKD patients followed by diabetics then hypertensive patients as compared to control group. Our findings suggest that analysis of salivary urea and creatinine in patients reflects their levels in blood. Thus, salivary urea and creatinine can be used noninvasively as diagnostic biomarkers in CKD, diabetics and hypertensive patients.