The concept of emergency management in Agada Tantra

Abstract

The aim of this study is to critically and extensively review the classical concepts of emergency management in Agada Tantra. The information on the emergency conditions in visha pidita purusha (patients of poisoning) was collected from the ancient Ayurvedic classics, viz. Charaka Samhita, Sushruta Samhita, Astanga Samgraha and Astanga Hridaya. The informations were compiled and the concepts were thoroughly studied to find out the similarities and dissimilarities among the concepts of emergency conditions due to exposure to the poison. It has been found that the concepts for application of the principles and procedures of management of emergency situations were hypothecated. The ancient Acharyas of Ayurveda were experienced and vigilant with the emergency situations that can arise from the exposure to the poisons. They elaborately described the signs and symptoms of the condition and gave guidelines for diagnosis. The procedures like Anjana, Nasya, Dhuma, Siratadana, etc. are mentioned as treatment of the situation by all the Acharyas. A good number of drugs for Anjana, Nasya and Dhuma are mentioned by the Acharyas which are potent and strong to cause stimulation of the nervous system. Mritasanjivana is a unique procedure advised by the Acharyas to apply at the terminal stage of the patient which is not described in detail. From the present study, it can be concluded that the ancient Ayurvedic Acharyas were aware of the serious and emergency situations that may arise due to poisoning. They knew the procedures of diagnosis of such situations and also developed a module for treatment. It can be assumed that these modules of treatment showed satisfactory results. Extensive study and research with multidisciplinary effort are prayed.