https://myresearchjournals.com/index.php/JGR <h2>Journal of Global Resources (<a href="https://isdesr.org/">JGR</a>) is an open-access PRINT &amp; ONLINE double-blind peer-reviewed international journal having ISSN: 2395-3160 (Print), ISSN: 2455-2445 (Online) numbers. The journal is published by the Institute of Sustainable Development, Environmental &amp; Scientific Research (ISDESR). The first issue of the journal was published in July 2015. The journal is bi-annual and published every year in the months of January and July. The journal “JOURNAL OF GLOBAL RESOURCES” ISSN: 2395-3160 (Print)&nbsp; was listed in UGC-approved journals in 2017-18 (Journal No. 62700).&nbsp; The journal was also listed in the UGC-CARE list group D (2019). All published issues/volumes are available on our website www.isdesr.org. The journal<a href="https://www.crossref.org/"> DOI</a> number is 10.46587 (DOI-CrossRef Prefix number.</h2> nstitute of Sustainable Development, Environmental & Scientific Research en-US Journal of Global Resources 2395-3160 https://myresearchjournals.com/index.php/JGR/article/view/11769 Urbanization is a process of growth of cities and town; which is directly linked to the degradation of environmental quality and the quality of water, air and noise. Ziro valley, the place has an imposing landscape of beautiful lush green forest, rivulets, and elevated patches. It is famous for paddy cum pisciculture cultivation. The area is renowned for the terrace paddy fields where the unique system of poly- culture and water management is practiced by local people. But due to rapidly increase of urban area in Ziro valley, the environment become changed day by day. The purpose of the paper is to present the effects on environment due to urbanization in Apatani society in Ziro valley of Lower Subansiri district of Arunachal Pradesh. There are several areas where urbanization has affected along with environment settings. The induced of development of urbanization which is affected on the balance of the ecosystem in the valley portion. The study based on secondary data, satellite image, photography etc. and primary sources, the study area map has prepared through QGIS Tanmoy Mondal Biplab Tripathy ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2023-01-18 2023-01-18 9 01 1 12 10.46587/JGR.2023.v09i01.001 https://myresearchjournals.com/index.php/JGR/article/view/11770 The first COVID-19 (Disease caused due to SARS-CoV-2) case was detected in Bangladesh on 8 March 2020. The country has already accounted for over 29,127 deaths and over 1.95 million laboratory tested positive cases across the country as of 27th April, 2022. The COVID-19 pandemic continues to pose a major public health challenge with equally serious health and economic consequences. Not only has the health impact, the ongoing pandemic also demarcated clear lines between human-lives and livelihoods. Scientific community, with its relentless efforts, developed multiple vaccines and ‘repurposed’ clinical treatments for the COVID19; yet, the vaccination against this pathogen continues to throw a huge challenge of low uptake in many regions across the world, though Bangladesh has been relatively successful in giving wide vaccine coverage through relentless Risk Communication and Community Engagement (RCCE) strategies. It is widely acknowledged that this pandemic is primarily a ‘behavioural practices’ issue, both at individual and at community levels. Although there will always be a few hard-core ‘laggards’ who defy acceptance of any positive change. The outrage of the ‘infodemic’ (spread of misinformation during pandemic) is gaining currency especially through social media and digital space. Deepak Gupta Jai P. Narain Mohammad Badrul Hassan ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2023-01-18 2023-01-18 9 01 13 22 10.46587/JGR.2023.v09i01.002 https://myresearchjournals.com/index.php/JGR/article/view/11771 In the present study, socio-economic attributes which affect agricultural patterns are analyzed, because these factors impact the land-use and crop land use patterns effectively in each physical environment. For achieving this objective, various attributes are considered which effected maize cultivation in Himachal Pradesh. The main selected attributes are density of rural population, agricultural workers, sources of irrigation, extent of irrigation, size of land holdings, consumption of chemical fertilizers, share of High Yielding Varieties of seeds, road density, market accessibility, etc. It is observed that share of agricultural workers is moderate to high in maize predominant areas, because maize requires more human hands as compared to other crops. While size of land holdings also affected agricultural operations and in respect of extent of irrigation it determines area under different crops. Whereas road accessibility has influenced area under different crops, which enhances the movements of inputs from market to field and agricultural produce from farm to market. Same observations are found in marketing facilities, because the magnitude of marketing facilities enthused the cultivation of a crop, which farmers can carry to the market and earn respectable economic returns. Thus, study has concluded that socio-economic attributes played very decisive role in agriculture. The present study is for the 2014-15 year, which is based on secondary sources of data and personal observations. Three years averages of 2013-14, 2014-15 and 2015-16 are taken for determining the 2014-15 period. Simple statistical techniques are used and choropleth method is applied for preparing the maps. Shivjeet Kaur Jaswinder Kaur K. S. Sohal ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2023-01-18 2023-01-18 9 01 23 36 10.46587/JGR.2023.v09i01.003 https://myresearchjournals.com/index.php/JGR/article/view/11772 Abstract: Based on the interpretation of all the Survey of India topographical sheets of Rajasthan on 1:50,000 scale and Google Earth Images, basin wise a total of 455 rivers are identified and mapped and flow charts are prepared. Basin wise water resources development & planning documents are consulted to find out their characteristics, problems and potentials. Chambal, Mahi and Luni basins have good network of rivers. A large number of small rivers/nallah originating from low hills and uplands, are lost in sandy/alluvial plains. Overall unwarranted human activities are sole responsible for deterioration of river condition. Encroachment over river bed for agriculture and habitation is common where river passes through alluvium or sandy plain. This happened particularly in Sabi, Banganga, Shekhawati and Ruparail basins. Here large stretches of river have lost their existence. Other menace are: river sand mining; discharge of sewage and industrial effluents; dumping mining waste and slurry of marble, sandstone and granite processing units. Large scale mining activities have blocked natural drainage system and reduced free flow of rainwater in rivers. Suggestions are given to improve the river condition and increase water yield. Balak . Ram ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2023-01-18 2023-01-18 9 01 37 48 10.46587/JGR.2023.v09i01.004 https://myresearchjournals.com/index.php/JGR/article/view/11773 found in the oceans. 1.5 percent of water is found in polar ice, and only 1 percent of water is found in the form of rivers, lakes and underground water. Only 3 percent of the water on earth is present in the form of fresh water. Therefore, due to less availability of fresh and clean water on the earth, the problem of water scarcity has started emerging in various areas. As a result, conserving water becomes a far more important step in finding a solution. Under this research work, information related to water resource management in rural areas of the JIND district of Haryana state has been displayed. Under which water sources are available in rural areas of the district, the quality of drinking water, the utility of water in various works, implemented schemes, and water conservation methods related to water conservation in the district have been demonstrated. This research work has been completed based on primary and secondary data. Under this research work, primary data has been collected by random sampling of rural areas of JIND district and secondary data has been gathered from a variety of sources, including magazines, books, research papers, etc. In this manner, information about water conservation in rural areas of the JIND district that was gathered from primary and secondary sources has been described scientifically. As a result, the rural residents of the JIND district are well-versed in water conservation information, and they practice water saving techniques. This research study contributes to the scientific understanding of the data pertaining to the district's rural water resource management. D. S. Yadav Neeru . Saini ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2023-01-18 2023-01-18 9 01 49 55 10.46587/JGR.2023.v09i01.005 https://myresearchjournals.com/index.php/JGR/article/view/11774 Human induced climate change is the largest most pervasive threat to the natural environment and societies the world has ever experienced. Arid ecosystem is more prone to such phenomenon. Deserts are most typically associated with soaring temperatures, permanently dry air, and endless rolling sand dunes. But in summer in “Thar” desert, it becomes so cold and freeze. The Thar desert climate refers to a specific type of climate that encompasses more than one weather type. But for last one decade its changing in a very different ways, i.e., Too hot in summer and too cold in winter. It is an alarming situation of climate change, where we can understand with this small example. In Churu district of north Rajasthan, where the sandy ground sizzles in the summers and the wind feels like a hot air boiler in the month of June. The temperatures in those months easily climb up to the high 400 Celsius. Just month, May 2020, the temperature rose to 500 Celsius – and was the highest in the world. Two years, when the mercury breached even the 510 Celsius marks in Churu in early June 2019 – more than halfway to the boiling point of water – for many it was a side bar. Six months later, by December-January in some years, Churu has seen just-below zero degrees Celsius temperatures. And in February 2020, the India Meteorological Department found the lowest minimum temperature in the plains of India to be in Churu, at 4.10 Celsius. In view of above the present study has been undertaken to deliberate the climate change impact in small desert town. Mehnaj . Sheikh M. M. . Sheikh ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2023-01-18 2023-01-18 9 01 56 67 10.46587/JGR.2023.v09i01.006 https://myresearchjournals.com/index.php/JGR/article/view/11775 This paper has been attempted to study the difference dimensions of agriculture like crop diversification, cropping intensity, crop combination, crop ranking, irrigation intensity and land use efficiency in floodplain zone of middle Ganga plain. Agriculture plays a very important role in the economic development of our country (India), where 65 percent of rural population is directly or indirectly depended on the agricultural for survival. The largest population of India has been livening in Ganga floodplain so it has necessary to study the different agricultural characteristics. The major objectives of the study are to analyze the spatial pattern of agriculture diversification, crop ranking, crop combination and to calculate the irrigation intensity, cropping intensity, land use efficiency of Jaunpur district. The present study has been exclusively based on secondary data which collected from different offices and websites. Crop diversification measure by Singh (1976) formula which was slightly modified the Bhatia (1965) formula, cropping intensity analyzed with the help of Singh (1974) method and crop combination determined by Kikukazu Doi (1959) method. In the Jaunpur district the irrigation intensity has been 140.10, crop diversification index has been 38.69, cropping intensity index has 100.07. In study area wheat is the dominant crop, paddy dominated as the second crop and maize is the third crop. There are three types crop combinations like wheat-rice, wheat-rice-maize and wheat-maize- rice. Dinesh . Kumar ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2023-01-18 2023-01-18 9 01 68 78 10.46587/JGR.2023.v09i01.007 https://myresearchjournals.com/index.php/JGR/article/view/11776 Mangrove forests are highly productive ecosystems with carbon sequestration rate almost equivalent to tropical green forests. Mangroves distribute proportionally more carbon below ground and possess higher below to above ground carbon mass ratio as compared to any other forests (Kathiresen, 2004). Mangrove is amongst the most carbon rich biomes containing more than 950 tC/H. The said study overlooks destructive and non-destructive methods of the carbon sequestration. It is conducted as a comparative assessment of the carbon sequestration potential of mangrove and non-mangrove regions. By means of methodology of calculating Soil Bulk Density (gcm -3) and Total Organic Carbon (TOC) in mangroves soils (El Wakeel and Riley, 1956) and Carbon Sequestration Rate (CSR) is estimated based on the sediment rates and TOC content of the soil (Duan Xiaonan et al (2008). The systematic assessment conducted at West Coast of Maharashtra; shows mangrove region with Avicinnia marina species and in non–mangrove region total carbon in soil (%) recorded 17.15% and 4.52 percent respectively. Total Soil Carbon Stock recorded is 431 million g / Ha at mangrove region and 105.7 million g / Ha at non mangrove region. After methodical estimation of biomass and carbon stock of mangroves (English et.al, 1997 and Kaufman and Donato, 2012), total carbon stock of mangrove stand was recorded 393.14 mg/Ha and that of non-mangrove stand was recorded to be 91.7 mg/Ha. It shows that mangroves absorb almost 315.14 percent more carbon than non-mangrove region. In other words, carbon stock in Avicinnia marina stand found to be almost 3 times more than non-mangrove zone. Kulkarni . Prasad Kulkarni . Shraddha Aphale . Priti ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2023-01-18 2023-01-18 9 01 79 85 10.46587/JGR.2023.v09i01.008 https://myresearchjournals.com/index.php/JGR/article/view/11777 Urban land use change is a major issue globally. Land cover is a cover that covers any surface and the changes described include urban area land, water body, residential, forest land wasteland, agriculture, and recreation etc. The development of the built-up area separates the city limits.' (PA Khadke & RU Kharat 2017) Land use change plays a major role in the developmental activity of a developing country. Due to the rapid development of urbanization and the dramatically increasing population, fertile agricultural land has been converted into built-up area in relation to the need for housing and the need for infrastructure. The extent of open space and surface water bodies have also been encroached upon. Land use is derived from the human use of land and can be mainly classified into residential, agricultural, commercial use, industrial, etc. Land use and land cover changes are caused by socio-economic and natural factors. The increase in population as well as migration of people from rural to urban is the most important reason for land use change. (P. Sangardas, S. Ishwari, 2019). In the presented research paper, the study and analysis of land use change of Jodhpur city and its impact on economy and environment is to be done. Prema Ram M. M. Sheikh ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2023-01-18 2023-01-18 9 01 86 95 10.46587/JGR.2023.v09i01.009 https://myresearchjournals.com/index.php/JGR/article/view/11778 The present study analyses in order to determine whether or not arsenic contamination exists in rivers and what are cause responsible for it. India has 764 river water quality monitoring sites across the subcontinent. The study analyses 432 monitoring stations due to data availability. The most important rivers in India flow through Himachal Pradesh, Haryana, Punjab Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, West Bengal, Assam, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Maharashtra, Karnataka, and others. The current study is shaped by causal research under the applied research approach used by academics and practitioners in river water assessment. Quantitative techniques were implemented during initial secondary data collection & analyses. The study also conducted a content analysis and sweeping review of how institutions in India talk about the origins and effects of arsenic toxicity. The central water commission data has discovered that almost all rivers have arsenic amounts below the permissible limit except eight rivers. Arsenic contamination can be caused by a variety of natural and human activities. However, research indicates that industrial processes are the primary contributor. Gopal . Sonkar ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2023-01-18 2023-01-18 9 01 96 107 10.46587/JGR.2023.v09i01.010 https://myresearchjournals.com/index.php/JGR/article/view/11779 Climate change will affect our lives through its impact on our health, water resources, food, natural environment and economy. One of the primary effects of climate change is the disruption of the water cycle. Since so much of everyday life and planning is determined by hydrological systems, it is important to understand the impact that climate change is having on drinking water supplies, sanitation, food and energy production. This paper is about the impact of climate change on the Ground water resources, mainly it has focused on the water resources of Jhunjhunu (Rajasthan) area. The main source of water is ground water in this area. Ground water is an important source of water supply throughout the world and it is the main source of drinking water in the most of the rural areas. The quality of ground water is continuously changing as a result of climatic change and human activities. The main essence of this study is to explore the overall aspects of water resources and its impact on the people that are using the resources. This study finds the problems faced by the people on water resources, sources of water resources, pattern of rainfall and how the people will deal with those consequences. This study predicts the intensity of rainfall will increase due to climate change. Issues that need to be addressed with respect to climate change/variability in sustainable water resources planning and management are discussed. We find that a comprehensive and detailed understanding, clear assessment of the impact of climate change on water resources are required to reach a definitive conclusion and explanation of the trends to understand a better policy actions. Jyoti . Chouhan ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2023-01-18 2023-01-18 9 01 108 114 10.46587/JGR.2023.v09i01.011 https://myresearchjournals.com/index.php/JGR/article/view/11780 Ethnomedicinal plants are expansive natural resources of valuable herbal medicinal organic as well as inorganic biodegradable constituents that are nicely used for curing various ailments of inhabitants. The study was carried out to documents the indigenous practices of some therapeutic plants of Leelki-Beed area of Rajgarh of Churu district. The information regarding the use of herbal drungs was collected from local inhabitants of the area, Vaidya, Hakims and concluded by interviews and questionaries method. The present paper documented 10 plants species belonging to 07 families of Angiosperms used to cure some chronic & common diseases found in human. Neha . Sharma Kaushal Kumar Gautam Mushtaq Ahmad Khah ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2023-01-18 2023-01-18 9 01 115 122 10.46587/JGR.2023.v09i01.012 https://myresearchjournals.com/index.php/JGR/article/view/11781 Digital India initiatives a flagship mission of Government of India encourages teachers making use of SWAYAM (online platform) effectively and efficiently for quality education, training, and capacity of all stakeholders at different levels of education under Ministry of Education. University Grants Commission (UGC), GOI at national level and all state governments at state levels encouraging the teachers for designing and developing Massive Open Online Courses. In higher education UGC invites proposals of MOOCs for UG/PG levels & skill development of youth under SWAYAM. Teachers are being trained, oriented and exposed for capacity building to enable them to design and develop quality MOOC as per the guidelines of SWAYAM. The purpose is to create a pool of skilled workforce in the country to address to the needs and demands of quality education. In this initiative we must know the expectations of teachers and their difficulties; the level of knowledge, skill, and competencies of our teachers; know various components of the MOOC, and also recommend development of MOOCs and facilitate similar the initiatives to strengthen capacity of our teachers. The present paper focuses on various aspects of MOOC in general and MOOC of SWAYAM for promoting educational resilience in India. The thrust was to facilitate TEL for sustainable quality education and training in the field of education. Manoj Kumar Dash Manas Ranjan Panigrahi ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2023-01-18 2023-01-18 9 01 123 138 10.46587/JGR.2023.v09i01.013 https://myresearchjournals.com/index.php/JGR/article/view/11782 The said article is reflecting various technical and legal aspects in terms of language, laws, statistics, etc. related to the impact on the fundamental rights of senior citizens of India. the main purpose of this article is to highlight the availing facilities provided by the State and Union to senior citizen and its impact as senior citizens. Age is the criterion which is affecting one life, as soon as they reach sixty plus, they became dependent or dependable in all respects i.e., physically, mentally, economically, socially, etc. Economically charges made him paralyzed and dependable. At this juncture what he/she/they need is protection through various Constitutional rights as good rules, regulations, and amendment formed and framed, by the Government for them Sanjay . Jadhav Shrikant . Oza ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2023-01-18 2023-01-18 9 01 139 149 10.46587/JGR.2023.v09i01.014