https://myresearchjournals.com/index.php/JINPFO Indo-Pacific Academy of Forensic Odontology en-US Journal of Indo Pacific Academy of Forensic Odontology. 2231-1092 https://myresearchjournals.com/index.php/JINPFO/article/view/9094 It is said that evidence material should be preserved and transferred to the laboratory for further examination in such a way that it does not get deteriorate and disintegrate in the transit. For that several preservatives are used but nature also has contributed to this aspect in the form of putting teeth in all vertebrates including the human being. The teeth, made of hardest tissue in the body encompass and preserve the evidence material in the pulp cavity without any preservative. This is the one of the most important reason why teeth has become so significant evidence material in cases of man made and natural mass disaster. The most suitable example which can be quoted about the dental evidence is 2004 Tsunami where more than 80% victims (tourists) from developed countries were identified with the help of dental evidence as fingerprint were not possible because of skin damage and DNA was not possible because of suitable comparison material. O. P. Jasuja ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2021-12-31 2021-12-31 10 02 . . 10.53275/inapfo.2231-1092-2231-15721021 https://myresearchjournals.com/index.php/JINPFO/article/view/9095 I would like to offer my gratitude to the team of Journal of Indo Pacific Academy of Forensic Odontology for providing me with the opportunity to share my views based on my experience as a Disaster Victim Identification (DVI) team member in Nepal. Natural disasters are a major national concern. India ranks among the top ten countries in the world in terms of disaster fatalities. The National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) is India's principal disaster management authority. The Disaster Management Act of 2005 was established on September 27, 2006. The NDMA establishes rules for disaster management in India. To deal with disasters in India, NDMA is in charge of creating policies, laying down guidelines and best practices, and coordinating with the State Disaster Management Authorities (SDMAs). Samarika Dahal ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2021-12-31 2021-12-31 10 02 . . 10.53275/inapfo.2231-1092-2231-15721022 https://myresearchjournals.com/index.php/JINPFO/article/view/9096 It gives me immense pleasure to write editorial for the Journal of Indo-Pacific Academy of Forensic Odontology and would like to thanks editor in chief Dr. Pradhuman Verma for giving me this opportunity. Our biggest concern is Dental identification has been a vital tool for identifying deceased individuals since 66 AD.[1] It has received international praise as a field that empowers people to use science in judicial procedures. Currently, a lack of trained professionals, a lack of training facilities, and a lack of exposure to the subject during undergraduate years are the biggest road blocks to expanding the application of forensic odontology for the benefit of society. Despite the fact that the Indian Dental Association recommends that an individual's dental records (radiographs, models, photographs, and clinical correspondence) be securely kept for at least 5-6 years, the practices has yet to be implemented in all dental fields across India.[2] Nishant Kumar ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2021-12-31 2021-12-31 10 02 . . 10.53275/inapfo.2231-1092-2231-15721023 https://myresearchjournals.com/index.php/JINPFO/article/view/9097 Pediatric dentistry is a dental specialty dealing with treatment in children and young individuals. Forensic dentistry deals with the legal implications of dentistry and scrutinizes dental evidence for justice. Pediatric dental professionals can play an imperative role in the identification process by using age estimation methods, radiographic interpretation of tooth calcification, tooth maturation and eruption sequence, and clinical assessment of the previous restorative, endodontic, or orthodontic therapy and oral and maxillofacial anomalies. They can also assist forensic investigations by recognizing cases of child abuse and dental neglect. This paper aims to highlight important and unexplored features of the forensic part of pediatric dentistry, the explicit role of the pediatric dentist and the research avenues which need to be explored. Vivek Mehta ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2021-12-31 2021-12-31 10 02 . . 10.53275/inapfo.2231-1092-2231-15721024 https://myresearchjournals.com/index.php/JINPFO/article/view/9098 The knowledge 8 technology lies all around us and in fact in our hands. Information is readily available 8people are well aware of their rights. During the graduation years, dentists are taught about the “CODE OF ETHICS”, which is the ultimate guide for dentists to serve their profession best. Gradually, as we become busy polishing our skills 8 performing our functions, we often forget about our legal responsibilities, duties and also about our rights as doctors and to up grade our knowledge about the legal systems of our country. In today's scenario with increasing crime rates against doctors, updating ourselves with legal systems is a must to protect ourselves from unnecessary threats and allegations. With the SARS COVID-19 outbreak, Tele- Dentistry has also been a choice of dentists in India. Also, because the services provided by a dentist come under Consumer Protection Act (CPA), having sound knowledge is important to meet the standards. This paper aimed to provide basic knowledge about the duties, responsibilities, and common laws which can be encountered during the day-to-day clinical practice8 research, not only to provide their best services but also to protect them from being convicted from false allegations. Manusmrati Mishra Purohit Nikhil Purohit Sanskriti Mishra ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2021-12-31 2021-12-31 10 02 . . 10.53275/inapfo.2231-1092-2231-15721025 https://myresearchjournals.com/index.php/JINPFO/article/view/9099 Teeth are often used as weapons when one person attacks another or when a victim tries to ward off an assailant. It is relatively simple to record the evidence from the injury and the teeth for comparison of the shapes, sizes and pattern that are present. However, this comparative analysis is often very difficult, especially since human skin is curved, elastic, distortable and undergoing edema. In many cases, though, conclusions can be reached about any role a suspect may have played in a crime. Additionally, traces of saliva deposited during biting can be recovered to acquire DNA evidence and this can be analyzed to determine who contributed this biological evidence. If dentists are aware of the various methods to collect and preserve bitemark evidence from victims and suspects, it may be possible for them to assist the justice system to identify and prosecute violent offenders. This paper reviews the recognition and recovery of this evidence and provides insight into modern methods used to investigate bitemark evidence from heinous crimes. Bhuvneesh Goyal Prabhjot Kaur Shivani Arora Kirandeep Kaur Bhawandeep Kaur Madhu Sudan ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2021-12-31 2021-12-31 10 02 . . 10.53275/inapfo.2231-1092-2231-15721026 https://myresearchjournals.com/index.php/JINPFO/article/view/9100 Study of fingerprint patterns, termed as dermatoglyphics was first coined by Harold Cummins in 1926. Fingerprint is an impression made by the friction ridges that are almost parallel at constant crest to crest wavelength. The pattern is dominated by central features, such as whorls, loops, arches and triradii. Fingerprints have been used for several decades in forensic and medical sciences. The fingerprints characteristics such uniqueness, consistency and universality are the main features that are used by forensic experts in identification processes, are well developed during intra-uterine life. This elaborated review deals in depth with fingerprint pattern, scanning and how to put fingerprints in use for forensic investigations. Neeraj Taneja M. K. Sunil Upender Malik Surangama Lehri ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2021-12-31 2021-12-31 10 02 . . 10.53275/inapfo.2231-1092-2231-15721027 https://myresearchjournals.com/index.php/JINPFO/article/view/9101 Background: When the body has been mutilated or fragmented in case of mass destruction and disasters, it is common to have head or extremities to get separated from the trunk. In relation with forensic odontology, an estimate must have been made to correlate osteometry along with odontometry in determining gender and race. Aim: To investigate the relationship between stature of a person with the diameter of the skull, the circumference of the skull, combined mesio-distal width of the maxillary anterior teeth, the length of the maxillary central incisor as well as with the length of foot using minimum and easily available armamentarium . Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in 100 subjects (50 males and 50 females) who visited the department of Oral Medicine and Radiology of from June, 2019 to August, 2019 for diagnostic and treatment purposes. Hundred model casts of patients were made to measure the width of the maxillary anterior teeth and the length of the maxillary central incisor. The circumference of the head, the diameter of head (distance from glabella to inion) the length of the foot and height were measured with the help of non- stretchable measuring tape. The selected parameters were measured and then correlated to estimate the stature from anthropometric and odontometric data of the skull by using linear regression analysis. Results: The selected parameters on linear regression analysis were found to be statistically significant for estimation of stature. Highly significant correlations were found between the stature, the head diameter and the length of foot in males. Conclusion: The present study showed that linear regression equations from the skull and odontometrics parameters can be used to estimate the stature. However longitudinal studies with larger sample size and appropriate apparatus should be done to substantiate the results in a specific population. Vikas Patial R. Guru Prasad Neeta Sharma Akanksha Kumari Pooja Nagpal ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2021-12-31 2021-12-31 10 02 . . 10.53275/inapfo.2231-1092-2231-15721028 https://myresearchjournals.com/index.php/JINPFO/article/view/9102 Background: Human identification is of utmost significance in mass disaster, in court of law or to establish identity. Forensic odontology is gaining importance in forensic identification as oral cavity is unique. Moreover the tongue prints which are unique to individual can also be used for identification. As it has been observed that tongue has unique morphological features. Aim: To identify the predominant tongue print patterns in males and females with respect to shape of the tongue, Tip of the tongue, Grooves on the dorsal surface of the tongue and the number and diameter of circumvallate papillae. Materials and methods: 52 Individuals (26 males and 26 females) formed the sample for the study. Alginate impressions ware taken further casts were made using the impression and casts were observed for shape of the tongue, Tip of the tongue, Grooves on the dorsal surface of the tongue and the number and diameter of circumvallate papillae for males and females. Results: The most common tongue shape in male was rectangular however, in females the most common tongue shape was circular, and the most common tongue tip in males was U-shaped tongue tip and V-shaped in females. Grooves were deep in males and shallow in females. Males have more circumvallate papillae than females, and the diameter of tongue was larger in males than females. Conclusion: Based on the observations of present study the tongue morphology can be used as a potential tool for determining sexual dimorphism. However, more studies with larger sample size should be conducted for validation. Jyoti Ravi Ronak Jain Riya Bafna Saloni Jain Ritick Chakraborty Shilpa Datta Malik ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2021-12-31 2021-12-31 10 02 . . 10.53275/inapfo.2231-1092-2231-15721029