https://myresearchjournals.com/index.php/JIPAFO <p>The Journal of Indo-Pacific Academy of Forensic Odontology is published by the&nbsp;Indo-Pacific Academy of Forensic Odontology. Indo Pacific Academy of Forensic Odontology provides leadership to advance discipline of forensic odontology and its application to the legal system. The objectives of the Academy are to promote professionalism, integrity, competency, education, foster research, improve practice, and encourage collaboration in Forensic Odontology.&nbsp;Advance the study and application of forensic odontology; Facilitate co-operation among persons who are, or have been, occupationally involved in the discipline of forensic odontology. Organize forensic odontology related activities and publish scientific literature.</p> INPAFO en-US JOURNAL OF INDO-PACIFIC ACADEMY OF FORENSIC ODONTOLOGY 2231-1092 https://myresearchjournals.com/index.php/JIPAFO/article/view/1367 Clinical record keeping is the core component of good and quality practice. Dental records provide characteristic features of an individual and thus aids in forensic investigations. A thorough habit of maintaining dental records, also gives an edge in the legal matters such as personal identification by antemortem records, age estimation, insurance etc.Therefore, this article gives an overview about the dental records and their role in forensic investigations. Chhavi Srivastava M. K. Sunil Upender Malik Surangama Lehri ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2020-05-25 2020-05-25 10 01 1 4 10.53275/inapfo.2231-1092-2231-15721011 https://myresearchjournals.com/index.php/JIPAFO/article/view/1368 Child abuse and Neglect (CAN), is now a centre of public attention after prolonged neglect by both society and medical professionals. Child neglect is a form of child maltreatment. There is evidence in the literature that 50% of all injuries involve the head and neck region, which places dentists particularly paediatric dentist at the forefront of abuse detection. Based on available records, the majority of dentists confirm that they can recognize abuse, strangely, a great number of them shows reluctance in reporting to appropriate authorities. The reporting is required not only for ethical reasons but also Section 21(1) of the Protection of Children from Sexual Offences (POCSO) Act, 2012 has made it compulsory to inform about and incidents of child sexual abuse to the law enforcement jurisdiction. This applies to everyone including parents, medical professionals, and school authorities. If suspicion of abuse occurs, all valid information must be documented with radiographs, photographs and impressions. A comprehensive report should be made in the dental chart concerning the presence, site, severity and distribution of the injuries Amina Sultan ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2020-05-25 2020-05-25 10 01 5 14 10.53275/inapfo.2231-1092-2231-15721012 https://myresearchjournals.com/index.php/JIPAFO/article/view/1369 The scope of Forensic Odontology is not only limited to medicolegal cases related to present-day humans but also extends to involve study of archaeological remains. Paleodontology is a subset field of Forensic Odontology that deals exclusively with such specimens with an objective to provide insights about oral as well as general aspects of ancient populations. The goal of such research would be to gain knowledge about our ancestral populations and subsequently, our own history along with phylogenetic correlation. The present review provides information about research conducted in various aspects of the field of Paleodontology while simultaneously elaborating its scope. Sanpreet Singh Sachdev Tabita Joy Chettiankandy Manisha Ahire Sardar Sonali Kadam Vivek Pakhmode ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2020-05-25 2020-05-25 10 01 15 18 10.53275/inapfo.2231-1092-2231-15721013 https://myresearchjournals.com/index.php/JIPAFO/article/view/1370 Virtopsy has been discussed lately as a new era over the traditional autopsy. In numerous published literatureVirtopsy has been reviewed. Authors have discussed different techniques used, advantages and disadvantages. But only a few cases have been reported using this technology and limited studies have been done predominantly related to the virtopsy of head and neck (VHN). This paper focuses on the cases particularly related to head and neck region that have been actually elucidated through virtopsy around the world and the studies were particularly done in head and neck region. In this paper, possibilities have been looked to replace the buccal autopsy, by virtopsy, in the times to come. Furthermore, the status of VHN in India is discussed. The real scenario of this latest advancement. Parul K. Sinha Rakesh K. Gorea Parul Kumar ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2020-05-25 2020-05-25 10 01 19 24 10.53275/inapfo.2231-1092-2231-15721014 https://myresearchjournals.com/index.php/JIPAFO/article/view/1371 Orthodontics, a branch of dentistry, is known for meticulous comprehensive standardized patient records. Besides, the expertise of orthodontists in assessing radiographs for age assessment, skull, and dental profiling along with facial morphometric parameters puts them at an advantage for forensic on-field application. The advent of technology with the inclusion of software, digitization of models, and machine learning algorithms have strengthened their disposition in forensic dentistry further. Hence, to comprehend and summarize the role of orthodontist in forensic dentistry, this article uses novel mind mapping pedagogical approach to give a visual structural organised demonstration to the readers for better understanding. In a series of 9 mind maps , each aspect which of key roles have been explored and presented. Priyanka Kapoor Aman Chowdhry Anshul Chaudhry ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2020-05-25 2020-05-25 10 01 25 32 10.53275/inapfo.2231-1092-2231-15721015 https://myresearchjournals.com/index.php/JIPAFO/article/view/1372 The scope of pediatric dentistry is immense, and the role of a pediatric dentist is pertinent in abuse detection in children. They must safeguard the protection of children. Bite mark injuries in children represent child abuse in the majority of cases. Early detection and reporting of such cases can have a lasting impact on the lives of many children. With an attempt to make pediatric dental professionals around the globe aware of the forensic aspect of the specialty, the article suggests the guidelines and protocols required to check and report child abuse. Vivek Mehta Anupma Raheja Harneet Kaur ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2020-05-25 2020-05-25 10 01 33 34 10.53275/inapfo.2231-1092-2231-15721017 https://myresearchjournals.com/index.php/JIPAFO/article/view/1373 Dental professionals play an imperative role in detection and reporting of cases of child abuse. In addition they need to be aware of the existing primary laws for child protection in India, so that they can report to appropriate authorities without any hesitation. This article attempts to make dental practitioners throughout the country conscious of the legal aspects of child abuse. Vivek Mehta Anupma Raheja ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2020-05-25 2020-05-25 10 01 35 37 10.53275/inapfo.2231-1092-2231-15721018 https://myresearchjournals.com/index.php/JIPAFO/article/view/1374 Globally, challenges are faced in the field of Forensic Odontology and there is a need for correct training in the subject. There is an overlap with the justice system and the subject has its application disaster victim identification (DVI) scenario. The current article presents cases series which will give an insight on how a dental expert can obtain, analyse and present oral evidence. These cases are compilation of personal experience during authors posting as Dental Health Officer, Department of Health and Family Welfare, Government of Karnataka. The series of cases presented shall be of interest to all the readers, especially for budding Forensic Odontologists, as they have to be prepared to be present as an expert witness in the Court of Law. An insight to DVI is also added for highlighting how forensic odontologist can gain from cases discussed in the current article. Suresh T. ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2020-05-25 2020-05-25 10 01 38 42 10.53275/inapfo.2231-1092-2231-15721020 https://myresearchjournals.com/index.php/JIPAFO/article/view/1375 Introduction: Hypertension is a common disease encountered in dentistry. It has terrible consequences, so dentist role in screening undiagnosed and undertreated hypertension is very important to evaluate risk assessment which may lead to improved monitoring and life-long treatment. So this study is carried out with the objective to find the correlation of palmer dermatoglyphics with essential hypertension. Material and methods: Group 1 was the study group of essential hypertensive male 50 in number with age range between 40-65 years patients with inclusion criteria of informed consent of history of hypertension. Group 2 was the control group of male 50 in number matched for gender, age, life style and economic status as that of patients were selected. Dermatographical parameters included in the study are finger tip ridge pattern of all five digits (arch, loop, whorl), Angles (atd, adt, dat) and palmar dermatoglyphic pattern (interdigital and hypothenar areas). Results: Patient have significantly more whorls and lees loop in comparison with control of the right hand. The decreased 'atd'angle is observed in patient in comparison with control in both right and left hand respectively and absent pattern in hypothenar area of left hand is found more in patient as compare to controls. Conclusion: Palmer Dermatoglyphics shows a certain positive association with hypertension. It can be as an adjunctive screening biomarker for early detection of essential hypertension which will be helpful in avoiding complication such as acute complications such as cardiac arrest or stroke in various dental surgical procedures Anshul Aggarwal Pradhuman Verma Neha Agrawal Rati Goyal ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2020-05-25 2020-05-25 10 01 43 47 10.53275/inapfo.2231-1092-2231-15721016 https://myresearchjournals.com/index.php/JIPAFO/article/view/1376 Introduction: The human ear is the most defining feature of the face. The anatomical structure of the external ear is utilized for personal identification of living subjects in relation to criminal activity. Aim: To evaluate and compare the uniqueness of morphological and biometric variations of both ears for individualization among subpopulations of India in states of Punjab, Haryana and Jammu and Kashmir. To determine the Morphology and Biometrics of both ears in both male and female populations of Punjab, Haryana and Jammu and Kashmir. To study and compare the Ear Prints of population of three states and find a correlation between them. Materials and Methods: The present study was carried out randomly selected 120 students; 40 from Punjab (P), 40 from Haryana (H) and 40 from Jammu and Kashmir (J and K) population zones of India out of which 20 subjects were males and 20 were females from each population group of age between 18 to 25 years. Nine ear parameters were recorded twice using digital vernier calipers by single investigator and two indices (Ear Index and Lobule Index) were calculated for both the ears. Morphological ear shapes and lobule attachment were also noted.Chi-square test and one way ANOVA tests were performed on cross tabulations followed by turkey HSD test to evaluate significant relationship between both genders in three populations. Results: The highest total ear length in both ears (left and right) was noted in females of Haryana; followed by Punjab and J and K. Out of the total sample size, 60.41% ear lobes were free and 39.59% were attached. 100% Ear symmetry was seen in both ears among both genders of Haryana population and Oval ear shape was observed mostly followed by round, rectangular and triangular in Punjab and Haryana populations and no triangular morphology was observed in J and K population. The highest Ear Index in left ear was seen in both genders in population of Punjab whereas in that of right ear, highest ear index was seen in females of Haryana and males of Punjab population. The highest lobule index was noted in both the ears of females as well as males in Haryana population. Conclusion: The present study results of morphological examination and morpholometric variations of human ears can be used as supportive evidence as having a role in forensic sciences by the identification of landmarks variations in different ethnic groups. Madhu Sudan Pramodh John Bhawandeep Kaur Gaurav Goyal Ruchika Verma Ritika Verma ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2020-05-25 2020-05-25 10 01 48 60 10.53275/inapfo.2231-1092-2231-15721019