https://myresearchjournals.com/index.php/iarjimph International Academic and Research Consortium en-US International Academic Research Journal of Internal Medicine and Public Health 2709-3301 https://myresearchjournals.com/index.php/iarjimph/article/view/10357 Teenage pregnancy continues to be one of the social barriers to the human resource development of Sierra Leone. It limits the educational progress of the girl child. The situation was a national concern in the year 2015 immediately after the Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) out-break as teenage pregnancy of school going children reached its record highest in Sierra Leone, and demanded a change in the Education policy to encourage their class attendance and sitting to public examinations. This research was, therefore, conducted in one worst-hit community in the Bombali District, the Masuba community which has a Government supported Maternal and Child Health Center that could recount better for the mishap so that useful information to support Government to respond to the menace would be generated. To ensure this, the research employed a desk research in which information contained in the records of the Masuba Health Center, which was the only functioning health facility in the Masuba Community that responded to the affairs of pregnant and lactating mothers was collected. The research sought to ascertain the surge in teenage pregnancies, number delivering at the health facility complications at their deliveries, Government’s intervention on family planning in the health facility occasioned by the EVD outbreak in the Masuba community. The research found out that there was a marked increase in the number of teenage pregnancies in the Masuba community, with such reduced complications in the middle period of the outbreak; teenage mother deliveries were overwhelmingly safe with only a few referrals; Government Family Planning interventions during the EVD outbreak were the non-injectables, non-invasive, and sensitization, while that the pre and post-EVD outbreak period were counseling, pregnancy test, alongside with the injectable, pills, condoms, and invasive methods. Maurice Baimba Kargbo Idris Ortameson Kamara ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2022-02-28 2022-02-28 3 01 39 47 10.47310/iarjimph.2022.v03i01.010 https://myresearchjournals.com/index.php/iarjimph/article/view/10358 Introduction: Non communicable diseases (NCDs) kill 41 million people each year, equivalent to 71% of all deaths globally. Each year, 15 million people die from a NCD between the ages of 30 and 69 years; over 85% of these "premature" deaths occur in low- and middle-income countries. Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the profile of clients attending NCD Clinic of a tertiary care institute. Methodology: Opportunistic screening of patients and attendants above 30 years of age attending different clinics of the department of community medicine for various risk factors of NCDs including Obesity, smoking and physical activity. Blood pressure and blood sugar measurements were also taken. A total of 148 people were screened. All those screened received counseling on healthy lifestyle and prevention of NCDs. Results: 89.2% had a sedentary lifestyle and 7.4% were current smokers and 12.8% were obese. 2.7% has raised blood pressure and 4.1% had raised blood sugar at the time of screening and were referred for further investigations. Out of the 148 people screened 20 were known hypertensives, 10 were diabetics and 4 had both hypertension and diabetes and 2 had other comorbidities. Conclusion: A considerable proportion of people screened were found to be at risk of NCDs. Proper counseling at the appropriate time would help in preventing NCDs among such people. Also many of the people screened were found to have high blood pressure or raised blood sugars and needed to be referred for further management. Darakshan Ali Uroosa Farooq Muzamil Nazir ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2022-02-28 2022-02-28 3 01 35 38 10.47310/iarjimph.2022.v03i01.009 https://myresearchjournals.com/index.php/iarjimph/article/view/10359 Background: Breast cancer is a malignancy that develops from breast tissue that arises in the lining cells (epithelium) of the ducts or lobules. Breast cancer is one of the burdens of non-communicable diseases globally, increasing every year. Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers globally with 2,089 million new cases. One of the preventions of breast cancer that every woman can do is Breast Self-Examination (BSE). The objective of this study was to determine the effect of Whatsapp Group-based health promotion on the knowledge, attitudes, and behavior of early detection of breast cancer in health students in Badung Regency. Method:This study uses a cross-sectional research design with a total sample of 54 respondents. The study was conducted in one of the private universities in Badung Regency. Data were analyzed using SPSS, including univariate and bivariate analysis with the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Result: The results found that the Whatsapp Group-based health promotion affected health students’ knowledge, attitudes, and behavior in Breast Self-Examination (BSE). This can be seen from the p-value of each variable, including knowledge (less than 0.001), attitude (less than 0.001), and behavior (less than 0.001).Conclusion: Counseling about BSE with health promotion media through Whatsapp Group is useful in increasing the knowledge, attitudes and behavior of health students Ni Putu Sarasmika Ni Wayan Manik Parwati Ni Made Ayu Yulia Raswati Teja Ni Putu Sri Haryati ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2022-02-28 2022-02-28 3 01 29 34 10.47310/iarjimph.2022.v03i01.008 https://myresearchjournals.com/index.php/iarjimph/article/view/10360 Tuberculosis is a lethal disease, which is caused by bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, is one of the oldest diseases known to affect humans and a major cause of death worldwide. Tuberculosis continues to be a huge burden of disease against the human population and it is a major killer of the human population after HIV/AIDS. Tuberculosis is highly prevalent among the low socioeconomic section of the population and marginalized sections of the community. Through this article we wish to review the factors responsible for the delay in diagnosing and seeking medical care in patients affected with tuberculosis. Singh R Singh G ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2022-02-28 2022-02-28 3 01 26 28 10.47310/iarjimph.2022.v03i01.007 https://myresearchjournals.com/index.php/iarjimph/article/view/10361 Introduction: Globally, Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major public health problem. It is one of the top 10 causes of death worldwide.According to World Health Organization (WHO) TB report 2019, globally, an estimated 10 million people fell ill with TB in 2018. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among the patients of tuberculosis diagnosed at I.G.M.C. Shimla to assess the profile of T.B patients and assess the knowledge levels and stigma among the patients. Results: Among all the participants enrolled for study (52.38%) were males. Only 19 % were educated up to university level. Among all the participants, 47.6% were unemployed.Among all the patients included in the study, extra pulmonary tuberculosis was diagnosed in 54.3% patients visited I.G.M.C Shimla.27.6% of participants were exposed to TB patients at home or workplace. Conclusion: There is high proportion of extra pulmonary tuberculosis among study participants. Diabetes mellitus, HIV and COPD were detected as co-morbidities in participants.Social stigma was present in study participants for seeking treatment. Singh R Priyanka Dhadhwal D Mahajan A Barwal V ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2022-02-28 2022-02-28 3 01 19 25 10.47310/iarjimph.2022.v03i01.006 https://myresearchjournals.com/index.php/iarjimph/article/view/10362 Self insertion of foreign body in a male urethra is rare. Foreign bodies are mostly inserted by intoxicated, confused, and sexually curious individuals. In addition to a suitable method of surgical removal, counseling and psychiatric evaluation are often necessary to prevent recurrences. Manish Sharma Uma Sharma ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2022-02-28 2022-02-28 3 01 17 18 10.47310/iarjimph.2022.v03i01.005 https://myresearchjournals.com/index.php/iarjimph/article/view/10363 Pilonidal sinus is a common disease in adults of 15-40 years of age hirsute males, jeep and truck drivers. Limberg flap has been recommended as the first line treatment for primary and recurrent disease. There is reluctance of general surgeons to perform the procedure at secondary health care level. This study was undertaken to check feasibility of flap surgery and compare outcomes at secondary health care level. In our study Limberg flap was done for all patients (total 10) of Pilonidal Sinus from December 2020 to November 2021.One case was associated with flap edema and two cases with persistent discharge from tip which subsided by 3 weeks. All patients were successfully treated and returned to work in 4 weeks. There was no recurrence. Limberg flap for Pilonidal sinus is a simple and easy to perform transposition flap even at district level hospital with a very low complication and recurrence rate. Manish Sharma Uma Sharma ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2022-02-28 2022-02-28 3 01 13 16 10.47310/iarjimph.2022.v03i01.004 https://myresearchjournals.com/index.php/iarjimph/article/view/10364 Background: Tuberculosis remain a worldwide public health problem and is one of the top 10 causes of death globally. Millions of people continue to fall sick with TB each year. We conducted the present study to evaluate the Socio-demographic Profile and treatment outcomes of Tuberculosis Patients Diagnosed in a Government Civil Hospital of Northern India. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional record-based study was conducted at Civil Hospital Jogindernagar of Himachal Pradesh. We collected information using a self-designed, structured questionnaire containing information regarding various sociodemographic and clinical variables. Information was collected from Tuberculosis (TB) notification register kept at DOTS centre. Statistical analysis was done using statistical software Epi Info v7.2.2. Results: There were total 74 patients of tuberculosis were registered from Jan 2020 to June 2020 at DOTS center in Civil Hospital, Jogindernagar, Himachal Pradesh Among the total, 54 27(73%%) were 21-60 years of age. Mean age of patients were 44.78±17.01 years. Majority of patients, 56(75.7%) were male and 51(68.9%) belong to lower middle class. 46 (62.25) were pulmonary TB cases while 28 (37.8%) were extra pulmonary cases. Among the total, 26(35.1%) cases were clinically diagnosed, 11(14.9%) cases were Clinically diagnosed or Diagnosed by FNAC while 37(50.0%) cases Microbiological confirmed cases. 29( 39.2%) cases were Contact of TB/DRTB Cases , 29(39.2%) were tobacco user while 16(21.6%) had other risk factors. None of the case Reactive HIV status, 8(10.8%) had Diabetes while 27(35.5%) had associated Cervical lymphadenopathy. 71(95.8%) were cured after completing ATT, 1(1.4%) were become defaulter , 1(1.4%) Shifted to MDR Treatment and (1.4%) was died. Conclusion: Study concluded that most of the patients were males, belonged to lower socioeconomic status , in productive age group and of pulmonary TB. Treatment success rate is good but still need to improve, to make it 100 percent. Rishabh Chadha Jeevan kumar ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2022-02-28 2022-02-28 3 01 11 12 10.47310/iarjimph.2022.v03i01.003 https://myresearchjournals.com/index.php/iarjimph/article/view/10365 India in its fight against COVID-19 pandemic launched its mass vaccination campaign on 16th January, 2021. Adolescent vaccination for 15-18 year age group was started from 3rd January 2022 onwards with COVAXIN only. In addition to challenges during adult vaccination of 18+ populations, there were added challenges pertaining to adolescent vaccination. This article briefly describes the planning and execution of adolescent vaccination at a district level in a hilly state of North India. Also enlisted are challenges faced and the facilitating factors those contributed in achievement of near 90% vaccination coverage among targeted group in a time of less than one week. Jitender Kumar Atul Gupta Rajesh Kumar ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2022-02-28 2022-02-28 3 01 8 10 10.47310/iarjimph.2022.v03i01.002 https://myresearchjournals.com/index.php/iarjimph/article/view/10366 Introduction: Dengue fever is a common arthropod borne viral fever presenting with thrombocytopenia. There are number of study on thrombocytopenia and its correlation with severity of dengue fever, but results are conflicting. We want to study level of platelet count and its correlation with various complications of dengue like bleeding, DIC, hepatitis, shock etc. We would also like to evaluate platelet trends (increasing or decreasing) with various complication and outcome. Methods: It was prospective observational study over the period of one year. 90 Indoor patients with dengue with thrombocytopenia were studied after inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data entry and analysis was done in Microsoft excel through Descriptive statistic,’t’ test and chi-square tests. Results: In uncomplicated cases the mean platelet count was 54077± 42277 and in complicated cases the mean platelet count was 29500± 23197. This signifies platelet count were low in complicated dengue fever. This suggests that platelet count is surrogate marker of severity of dengue fever. With improving platelet count, most of patients survived, while patients with decreasing trend suggested poor outcome (p: less than 0.01) with 53 time higher chances of expiring as compared to patient with increasing trend of platelet(odd ratio:53.64). Severe thrombocytopenia was related with high mortality rate. Conclusion: From this study, we recommend that absolute platelet count and more specifically change in platelet count trend (increasing or decreasing) should be monitored closely as it can be used as a predictor of severity of dengue fever. Sumit Kumar Bochiwal Vishakha Vinod Deepak shukla ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2022-02-28 2022-02-28 3 01 1 7 10.47310/iarjimph.2022.v03i01.001