The Effect of Calotropis gigantea Leaves Extract on Fibrosarcoma Growth and Caspase 3 Expression.

Abstract

The effect of Calotropis gigantea (CG) leaves extract on fibrosarcoma growth and Caspase 3 expression have been evaluated. Mile mice were divided into 5 groups with 7 mice per group, (1) Negative control (CMC-Na 0.5%), (2) Positive control (Methotrexate 2,5 mg/kgBW), (3) 50 mg/Kg BW of CG, (4) 100 mg/Kg BW of CG, (5) 150 mg/Kg BW of CG. Mice body weights were observed before induced by cancer agent. Then, all mice were injected by 0.1 mL DMBA 25 μg/0.1 mL acetone by subcutaneous injection two times a week for 6 weeks. After treatment, all mice were sacrificed by euthanasia method based on Guideline for the Euthanasia of Animals. Then, mice nodules were taken and washed with PBS. Nodules were weighted and kept in the formaldehyde solution. Then immunohistochemical caspase-3 specimens were made. C. gigantea leaves extract at a dose of 100 and 150 mg/Kg BW were able to inhibit the growth of fibrosarcoma in experimental animals induced DMBA. This extract also improved the apoptotic index of cell, respectively for 20.9 %; 21.5 % and 24.6 %, and increased the caspase-3 expression significantly. Based on those data, C. gigantea leaves ethanol extract was potential to develop as anticancer phytopharmaca agent.